The House of Representatives passed a $1.15 trillion annual defense policy bill on July 22, 2026, with a vote of 216-212. The bill, known as the National Defense Authorization Act (NDAA) for fiscal year 2027, includes a provision aimed at expanding U.S.-Israel defense technology cooperation. The measure received support primarily from Republicans, while most Democrats opposed it, with only six Democratic votes in favor.
Opposition arose from a coalition of progressive Democrats and some Republicans who are skeptical of U.S. support for Israel, particularly regarding Section 219 of the bill, which they argue could deepen U.S.-Israel military ties. Critics expressed concerns that the provision would embed U.S.-Israel cooperation more firmly within the Pentagon's weapons development and acquisition processes. Supporters, however, claim it would enhance coordination and provide the U.S. with quicker access to Israeli defense technology.
Representative Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez, a Democrat from New York, urged lawmakers to reject the bill, stating that it would merge U.S. military operations with those of the Israel Defense Forces (IDF). In response, Representative Mike Lawler, a Republican from New York, defended the provision, asserting that it does not merge military forces but rather facilitates cooperative agreements.
The NDAA also includes amendments related to gender-affirming medical care for military personnel and participation of transgender individuals in sports at Defense Department schools. The bill authorizes significant funding for national defense, including pay raises for service members and investments in emerging technologies. Additionally, it proposes changing the Department of Defense's name to the Department of War. The legislation must be funded through separate appropriations bills, which Congress will need to pass.
The combined defense and election package faces challenges in the Senate, where Democrats previously blocked consideration of their NDAA in protest of the Trump administration's policies regarding Iran. The Pentagon is also seeking additional funding to address ongoing conflicts and replenish U.S. weapon stockpiles.