The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has confirmed more than 4,000 cases of measles in the United States this year, marking the largest outbreak of the highly infectious virus in 35 years. Approximately 20% of these cases involve children under the age of five, and over 90% of cases are among unvaccinated individuals. Pennsylvania is identified as the epicenter of the outbreak, reporting more than 1,100 cases, which include five measles-related deaths and a potential sixth case under investigation.
Dr. Evan Shirey, a pediatric infectious disease doctor based in Hershey, Pennsylvania, discussed the situation during an interview. He noted that many children and infants have been admitted to his hospital with severe symptoms related to measles. Dr. Shirey described complications from the virus, including encephalitis, which can lead to confusion and unresponsiveness in affected children. He also mentioned cases of bronchopneumonia, where children experience difficulty breathing and may require respiratory support.
Historically, measles caused millions of infections annually in the U.S., leading to significant hospitalizations and fatalities. Dr. Shirey emphasized that the current outbreak is a result of decreased vaccination rates, which had previously led to the elimination of the virus in the country.
He expressed concern regarding the influence of the anti-vaccine movement, which he believes has contributed to the current outbreak. Dr. Shirey highlighted the importance of clear communication about vaccination and its effectiveness, noting that while vaccinated individuals are generally protected, there are vulnerable populations, such as infants, who cannot be vaccinated and rely on herd immunity.
The interview concluded with Dr. Shirey reiterating the safety and effectiveness of the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine, which has been in use since the late 1960s and has protected billions of individuals worldwide.